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Clinical phenotypes and prognostic features of embryonal tumours with multi-layered rosettes: a Rare Brain Tumor Registry studyEmbryonal tumours with multi-layered rosettes (ETMRs) are a newly recognised, rare paediatric brain tumour with alterations of the C19MC microRNA locus. Due to varied diagnostic practices and scarce clinical data, disease features and determinants of outcomes for these tumours are poorly defined. We did an integrated clinicopathological and molecular analysis of primary ETMRs to define clinical phenotypes, and to identify prognostic factors of survival and key treatment modalities for this orphan disease.
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SNO-EANO-EURACAN consensus on management of pineal parenchymal tumorsPineal parenchymal tumors are rare neoplasms for which evidence-based treatment recommendations are lacking. These tumors vary in biology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis, requiring treatment that ranges from surgical resection alone to intensive multimodal antineoplastic therapy.
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Current gaps in knowledge and future research directions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with cancerPaediatric cancer is the leading cause of disease-related death in Australian children. Limited research focuses on cancer in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Although there appears to be a lower incidence of cancer overall in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children compared with non-Indigenous children, a high proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia.
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Veliparib Is an Effective Radiosensitizing Agent in a Preclinical Model of MedulloblastomaMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant childhood brain tumor, and 5-year overall survival rates are as low as 40% depending on molecular subtype, with new therapies critically important. As radiotherapy and chemotherapy act through the induction of DNA damage, the sensitization of cancer cells through the inhibition of DNA damage repair pathways is a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Systems pharmacogenomics identifies novel targets and clinically actionable therapeutics for medulloblastomaMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity. Existing treatment protocols are aggressive in nature resulting in significant neurological, intellectual and physical disabilities for the children undergoing treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need for improved, targeted therapies that minimize these harmful side effects.
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Medulloblastoma therapy generates risk of a poorly-prognostic H3 wild-type subgroup of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a report from the International DIPG RegistryThese findings provide a compelling argument for efforts to reduce exposure of the brainstem in the treatment of medulloblastoma
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The case for DNA methylation based molecular profiling to improve diagnostic accuracy for central nervous system embryonal tumors (not otherwise specified) in adultsWe report the case of a 45-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a NOS based on immunohistochemical analysis of the patient's tumor at diagnosis.
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Use of bevacizumab as a single agent or in adjunct with traditional chemotherapy regimens in children with unresectable or progressive low-grade gliomaBevacizumab is well tolerated and appears most effective for rapid tumor control to preserve vision and improve morbidity
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The Australian and New Zealand Children's Haematology/Oncology Group Biobanking NetworkThe ANZCHOG-BN was developed to improve and streamline access to high quality pediatric and adolescent/young adult cancer biospecimens for cancer research
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Challenges to curing primary brain tumoursThe seven key challenges summarized in this Position Paper are intended to serve as foci for future research and investment in brain tumours