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The intersect of genetics, environment, and microbiota in asthma-perspectives and challengesIn asthma, a significant portion of the interaction between genetics and environment occurs through microbiota. The proposed mechanisms behind this interaction are complex and at times contradictory. This review covers recent developments in our understanding of this interaction: the "microbial hypothesis" and the "farm effect"; the role of endotoxin and genetic variation in pattern recognition systems; the interaction with allergen exposure; the additional involvement of host gut and airway microbiota; the role of viral respiratory infections in interaction with the 17q21 and CDHR3 genetic loci; and the importance of in utero and early-life timing of exposures.
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Safety of live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine in Australian adults 70-79 years of age: An observational study using active surveillanceTo assess the safety of live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine live (ZVL) through cumulative analysis of near real-time, participant-based active surveillance from Australia's AusVaxSafety system. ZVL was funded in Australia for adults aged 70 years from November 2016, with a time-limited catch up programme for those up to 79 years. This cohort study monitored safety in the first two programme years through active surveillance at 246 sentinel surveillance immunisation sites.
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Somatosensory discrimination impairment in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy as measured by the sense_assess© kidsTo characterise somatosensory discrimination impairment of the upper-limb across domains of tactile discrimination, limb position sense and haptic object recognition using the sense_assess© kids and examine associations with upper-limb motor performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP).
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Environmental (Perinatal) risk factors of ADHD in a sibling control design studyCitation: Ibilola O, Silva D. Environmental (Perinatal) risk factors of ADHD in a sibling control design study. Open Access Journal of Behavioural
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Predicting the causative pathogen among children with osteomyelitis using Bayesian networks – improving antibiotic selection in clinical practiceWe have demonstrated the potential use of Bayesian Networks in improving antibiotic selection for children with osteomyelitis
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School-based intervention to address self-regulation and executive functioning in children attending primary schools in remote Australian Aboriginal communitiesExecutive functioning and self-regulation influence a range of outcomes across the life course including physical and mental health, educational success, and employment
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The bone marrow microenvironment of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia at single-cell resolutionThe bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) plays a key role in leukemia progression, but its molecular complexity in pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the most common cancer in children, remains poorly understood. To gain further insight, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the kinetics of the murine BMM during B-ALL progression.
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Assessing the burden of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection in a population cohort of Australian children through record linkageRespiratory syncytial virus is pervasive across multiple severity levels and diagnoses. Vaccines targeting children <3 months must be prioritized
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Gain of chromosome 21 in hematological malignancies: lessons from studying leukemia in children with Down syndromeStructural and numerical alterations of chromosome 21 are extremely common in hematological malignancies. While the functional impact of chimeric transcripts from fused chromosome 21 genes such as TEL-AML1, AML1-ETO, or FUS-ERG have been extensively studied, the role of gain of chromosome 21 remains largely unknown.
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Anaesthesia, pain and recovery profiles in children following dental extractionsThe aim of this prospective cohort study was to describe the anaesthetic practices, rates of postoperative pain and the recovery trajectory of children having urgent dental extractions at our institution.